Prolactin Tied to Poorer Diastolic Function in Men With Type 2 Diabetes

METHODOLOGY

Researchers conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a multicentre cohort study to assess whether prolactin levels were associated with systolic function, diastolic function, lipid levels, and A1c levels in men and women with T2D.
They evaluated 937 patients with T2D (mean age, 65.5 years; 66% men) between 2011 and 2013. The mean duration of diabetes was 12.1 years.
Plasma prolactin levels were measured using a two-step immunoassay (reference range, 40-400 mIU/L in men and 35-600 mIU/L in women). The median levels were 126 and 121 mIU/L in women and men, respectively.
The primary outcome was systolic function, assessed via left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and analysed as a continuous variable.
Secondary outcomes included global longitudinal strain (GLS) — a marker of left ventricular function — and diastolic function, assessed through lateral E/e′, with a value of 14 or higher indicating diastolic dysfunction. Other secondary outcomes were NYHA class (I-IV) for heart failure, A1c levels, and lipid profile.

Results

In the adjusted model, an increase in the logarithmically altered prolactin level per unit was associated with an increase in E/e' by 2.43 (95% CI, 0.9-3.9; P = 0.001) in men. No such association was observed among women (P = 0.13).
Higher prolactin levels were positively associated with NYHA class in men (P < 0.001), but not in women (P = 0.82); the average prolactin level was 117 mIU/l in men with NYHA class I versus 142 miu/ll in men with NYHA class III or IV.
Prolactin levels were not associated with LVEF or GLC in either men or women.
There was no significant association between prolactin levels and A1c levels, low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins, or triglycerides in either sex.

Prolactin Tied to Poorer Diastolic Function in Men With Type 2 Diabetes Higher prolactin levels were associated with poorer diastolic function and worse New York Heart Association functional class, a marker of heart failure severity, in men with type 2 diabetes but not in women. However, prolactin showed no association with systolic function, lipid levels, or A1c levels in either sex.

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